Historical and Political Snippets in Time
The following entries mark events of historical or political significance
over the period 50 B.C. through 1 B.C.
- -50 to -1
- Rivalry between Caesar and Pompey for control of Rome (c. -50)
- Caesar crosses Rubicon to start civil war ("Alea jacta est")
-49
- Pompey defeated by Caesar at Pharsalia -48
- Herod governor of Galilee -47
- Pompey murdered in Egypt by order of Cleopatra -47
- Africa made Roman province; Caesar returns to Rome (-46)
- Caesar, dictator in Rome, adopts his nephew Gaius
Octavius as heir -45
- Caesar murdered by conspirators led by Brutus and
Cassius Longinus -44
- Second triumvirate: Mark Antony, Marcus Aemilius
Lepidus, and Gaius Octavius, now renamed Gaius
Julius Caesar Octavianus (Octavian) -44
- Brutus and Cassius defeated by the triumvirs at
Philippi -42; commit suicide
- Herod, at Rome, appointed king of Judaea -40
- Mark Antony returns to Egypt -38
- Dalmatia a Roman province -34
- Battle of Actium; Mark Antony and Cleopatra defeated
by Octavian, and commit suicide; Egypt becomes Roman
province -31
- Octavian retitled Augustus and becomes virtual
emperor (-30 to A.D. 14)
- Roman army under Drusus and Tiberius penetrates Germania
as far as the Elbe -9
- Judaea annexed by Rome -6
- Herod d.; Judaea divided among his sons -4
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