Historical and Political Snippets in Time
The following entries mark events of historical or political significance
over the period 450 B.C. through 401 B.C.
- -450 to -401
- Alcibiades, Greek politician and general, b. -450 (d. -404)
- Tarentum, important Greek trading city in Italy, subdued by Rome -450
- Beginning of Indian empire: Magadha, "cradle of Buddhism"
- Assembly of the Roman plebeians is given the right to share in making laws
- Etruscan predominance on the Ital. peninsula declining
- Marseilles flourishes as western Europe's portal to Greek and Etruscan
civilization
- Cimon of Athens d. -449
- Administration of Roman exchequer passes into the hands of quaestors -447
- Revolt of Magabyzus, Persian satrap of Syria -447
- Athenians defeated at Coronea by Boeotians -447
- 30-year truce (-445 to -415) between Athens and Sparta
- Wall of Jerusalem reputed to have been built by Nehemiah and Ezra
- Lex Canuleia permits intermarriage between patricians and plebeians in
Rome (-445)
- Pericles elected Athenian general in -443 for 15 years
- Pericles takes Samos -440
- Judean law forbids marriage between Jews and aliens -440
- Pericles founds the colony of Thurii in southern Italy (c. -440),
Herodotus being one of its citizens
- Plebeian revolt in Rome: Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus appointed
dictator -439
- Amphipolis on the north Aegean coast colonized by Athenians -437
- Pericles' "Funeral Oration" -431 (as recorded by Thucydides)
- Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta (-431 to -404)
- Pericles d. -429 (b. c. -500); succeeded by Cleon and Nicias
- Xerxes II becomes king of Persia -424, is assassinated two months
later, and is succeeded by Darius II (d. -405)
- Peace of Nicias between Athens and Sparta (for 50 years) -421
- Epaminondas of Thebes b. -420 (.d -362)
- Renewed war between Athens and Sparta -415
- Athenians invade Sicily and besiege Syracuse -415
- Alcibiades, accused in his absense of sacrilege--mutilation of
the Hermae--goes over to Spartans -415
- Athenian army in Sicily destroyed -414
- Athenian general Nicias executed after the Sicilian disaster -413
- Coup d'etat in Athens: power transferred to people's assembly -411
- Alcibiades returns to Athens -411
- The Athenians capture Byzantium -408
- Athens rejects Sparta's peace offer -406
- Spartan navy under Lysander destroys Athenian navy at Aegospotami
-405; end of Peloponnesian War
- The Medes try without success to throw off Persian rule -408
- In the war against Carthage, Dionysius I (-430 to -367) becomes
tyrant of Syracuse
- Darius II, king of Persia (since -424), d. -405; succeeded by
Artaxerxes II (to -359)
- Alcibiades murdered in exile, by order of Sparta -404
- Restitution of Athenian democracy; Thrasybulus expels the
30 tyrants -403
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